Process for effecting reduction of fatty or other organic compounds.



R, ST. BBELADES BAY, ISLE OF JERSEY, TO THE HYDROGENATIO N COMPANY, OF

CINCINNATI, OHIO, A'CORPORATION OF OHIO.

EDWIN CUNO KAYSER, OF BEAU SEJOU ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,

PROCESS FOR EFFECTING REDUCTION No Drawing.

To allwhom it may concern:

Be it known that a subject of the King of Great Britain, and a resident of Beau Sjour, St. Brelades Bay, Isle of Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Process for Efiecting Reduction of Fatty or other Organic Compounds, of which the following is a specification.

It is well known that unsaturated fatty acids, their glycerids or other esters, here-- inafter collectively referred to as unsatu' rated fatty-acid compounds, can be hydrogenized-that is, made to chemically absorb hydrogen and that other organic compounds, such as nitrobodies, can be reduced to amido or corresponding compounds, when these various materials are severally submitted to the action of gaseous hydrogen in presence of metallic catalyzers, such as finely divided nickel.

It is also known that another class of organic bodies undergoes changes with elimination of hydrogen, when merely heated with the metallic oatalyzers just referred to, as witness the transformation of a borneol, asborneol or iso-borneol into camphor, as shown in Patent No. 994,437, of June 6, 1911, for the transformation of borneol into camphor. g

The purpose of the present invention is to facilitate hydrogenation of said fatty or of other organic bodies and reduction in general; and moreover to avoid the necessity of producing and handling gaseous hydrogen, and such purpose is achieved by heating, in presence of a metallic catalyzer, such bodies with others, capable of evolving hydrogen under prevailing conditions.

For example, in order to convert triolein into tristearin, a mixture thereof with borneol-in the proportion of one molecule of the former to three molecules of the latter is heated in presencepf a small percentage of catalytic nickel-powder, the charge being kept in a lively state of agitation. en the reaction is terminated, the catalyzer is removed by filtration or settling, whereupon the generated stearin can be freed from simultaneouslv formed camphor in a current of steam. The cycle of reaction, tak ing place in a parallel and continuous manner, may, as far as the-essential conversion of constituent oleic into stearic acid-is con 01 FATTY OR OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

I, EDWIN CUNo KAYSER,

Patented Apr.-6, 191-5.

Application filed October 30, 191-2. Serial No. 728,675.

cerned, be expressed by the-following formulee:

(1) 0 1-1 0 (borneol)+Ni- 0 1-1 0 am hor)+NiH,;

(2) C I-I 0, (oleic aei iH, 0, 11, 0 (stearic acid) +Ni.

While the two classes of bodies, thils reactmg, should always meet in proportions corresponding with their mutual capacity to C 7) 6 ,7

give and take hydrogen, the supply of the latter may be purposely limited, in order to restrict the extent or intensity of such reactionj For example, for the complete saturation of one molecule of linoleic acid (3 11 0, and 1ts consequent transformation into stear1c acid G H O no less than two molecules of borneol, or a corresponding amount of other equivalent body, would suffice; with half that quantity of hydrogen conveyer, under otherwise suitable conditions, the reaction might nevertheless be carried as far as the oleic acid 0, 11, 0 stage. Similarly, the hydrogen-supply might be purposely restricted, in order to reduce or saturate but one constituent of a, mixture, such as a natural oil.

While throughout the reaction the hydro; gen-recipient should, in conjunction with the catalyzer, be present in adequate quantity, the body furnishing the hydrogen may be introduced gradually and as convenient; should such body he volatile at the tempera- .ture demanded for the reaction, it may at once be employed as vapor.

The reaction may also be carried out in a common neutral solvent, particularly when dealing with bodies which will not mix readily.

, The nature and proportion of the. catalyzer, the temperature and duration of reaction, most suited in each separate case, have to be empirically ascertained.

I claim:

1. The process of hydrogenizing organic bodies, which consists in heating the same in presence of a metallic catalyzer, with due proportions of organic bodies capable of liberating hydrogen on contact'with such catalyzer, under conditions to efiect a transfor of hydrogen between said organic bodies.

2. The process of hydrogenizing unsatu rated fatty-acid compounds, which consists in heating the fatty compounds in due pro in heating such fetty-acld compounds in portion, and in presence of finely divided 10 presence of a metallic catalyzer with an adecatalytic nickel, with a borneol.

quate amount of such other organic body as 1 will be induced by said catalyzer to liberate EDWIN (JUNO KAYSER- hydrogen. Attest:

3. The process of hydrogenlzlng unsatu- MARSTON ALLEN,

rated fatty-acid compounds, which consists HELEN L. AIOHHOLZ.

It is hereby certified thatin Letters Patent No. 1,134,746, granted April 6, 1915, upon the application of Edwin Cuno Kayser, of Beau Sjour, St. Breladea Bay,

Isle of Jersey, for an improvement in "Processes for Efl'ecting Reduction of Fatty or Other Organic Compounds, an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 2, line 9, claim 3, after the word fatty insert the word acid; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the recortl of the case in the Patent Oifice.

Signed and sealed this 12th day of October, A. D., 1915.

Correctlon In Letters Patent No. 1,134,746.

[m] R. F.

Acting o mam :fPmm. 

